Evidence of reactive iodine chemistry in the Arctic boundary layer
Identifieur interne : 001C28 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 001C27; suivant : 001C29Evidence of reactive iodine chemistry in the Arctic boundary layer
Auteurs : Anoop S. Mahajan [Royaume-Uni] ; Marvin Shaw [Royaume-Uni] ; Hilke Oetjen [Royaume-Uni] ; Karen E. Hornsby [Royaume-Uni] ; Lucy J. Carpenter [Royaume-Uni] ; Lars Kaleschke [Allemagne] ; Xiangshan Tian-Kunze [Allemagne] ; James D. Lee [Royaume-Uni] ; Sarah J. Moller [Royaume-Uni] ; Peter Edwards [Royaume-Uni] ; Roisin Commane [Royaume-Uni] ; Trevor Ingham [Royaume-Uni] ; Dwayne E. Heard [Royaume-Uni] ; John M. C. Plane [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres [ 0148-0227 ] ; 2010-10-27.
Abstract
Although it has recently been established that iodine plays an important role in the atmospheric chemistry of coastal Antarctica, where it occurs at levels which cause significant ozone (O3) depletion and changes in the atmospheric oxidising capacity, iodine oxides have not previously been observed conclusively in the Arctic boundary layer (BL). This paper describes differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) observations of iodine monoxide (IO), along with gas chromatographic measurements of iodocarbons, in the sub‐Arctic environment at Kuujjuarapik, Hudson Bay, Canada. Episodes of elevated levels of IO (up to 3.4 ± 1.2 ppt) accompanied by a variety of iodocarbons were observed. Air mass back trajectories show that the observed iodine compounds originate from open water polynyas that form in the sea ice on Hudson Bay. A combination of long‐path DOAS and multiaxis DOAS observations suggested that the IO is limited to about 100 m in height. The observations are interpreted using a one‐dimensional model, which indicates that the iodocarbon sources from these exposed waters can account for the observed concentrations of IO. These levels of IO deplete O3 at rates comparable to bromine oxide (BrO) and, more importantly, strongly enhance the effect of bromine‐catalyzed O3 depletion in the Arctic BL, an effect which has not been quantitatively considered hitherto. However, the measurements and modeling results indicate that the effects of iodine chemistry are on a much more localized scale than bromine chemistry in the Arctic environment.
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DOI: 10.1029/2009JD013665
Affiliations:
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Mahajan</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shaw, Marvin" sort="Shaw, Marvin" uniqKey="Shaw M" first="Marvin" last="Shaw">Marvin Shaw</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>York</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Oetjen, Hilke" sort="Oetjen, Hilke" uniqKey="Oetjen H" first="Hilke" last="Oetjen">Hilke Oetjen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hornsby, Karen E" sort="Hornsby, Karen E" uniqKey="Hornsby K" first="Karen E." last="Hornsby">Karen E. Hornsby</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>York</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr" wicri:curation="lc">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Now at School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Leicester</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Carpenter, Lucy J" sort="Carpenter, Lucy J" uniqKey="Carpenter L" first="Lucy J." last="Carpenter">Lucy J. Carpenter</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>York</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kaleschke, Lars" sort="Kaleschke, Lars" uniqKey="Kaleschke L" first="Lars" last="Kaleschke">Lars Kaleschke</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>LK, Klima Campus, University of Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Hamburg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>University of Hamburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tian Unze, Xiangshan" sort="Tian Unze, Xiangshan" uniqKey="Tian Unze X" first="Xiangshan" last="Tian-Kunze">Xiangshan Tian-Kunze</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Allemagne</country><wicri:regionArea>LK, Klima Campus, University of Hamburg</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>University of Hamburg</wicri:noRegion><wicri:noRegion>University of Hamburg</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lee, James D" sort="Lee, James D" uniqKey="Lee J" first="James D." last="Lee">James D. Lee</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>York</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Moller, Sarah J" sort="Moller, Sarah J" uniqKey="Moller S" first="Sarah J." last="Moller">Sarah J. Moller</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Chemistry, University of York, York</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>York</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Edwards, Peter" sort="Edwards, Peter" uniqKey="Edwards P" first="Peter" last="Edwards">Peter Edwards</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Commane, Roisin" sort="Commane, Roisin" uniqKey="Commane R" first="Roisin" last="Commane">Roisin Commane</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ingham, Trevor" sort="Ingham, Trevor" uniqKey="Ingham T" first="Trevor" last="Ingham">Trevor Ingham</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Heard, Dwayne E" sort="Heard, Dwayne E" uniqKey="Heard D" first="Dwayne E." last="Heard">Dwayne E. Heard</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>National Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Plane, John M C" sort="Plane, John M C" uniqKey="Plane J" first="John M. C." last="Plane">John M. C. Plane</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds</wicri:regionArea><orgName type="university">Université de Leeds</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Leeds</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Yorkshire-et-Humber</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><country wicri:rule="url">Royaume-Uni</country></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J. Geophys. Res.</title><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno><idno type="eISSN">2156-2202</idno><imprint><publisher>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><date type="published" when="2010-10-27">2010-10-27</date><biblScope unit="volume">115</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">D20</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="/">n/a</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="/">n/a</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></series><idno type="istex">6BA773E768EE5921F664D96C8F1B51AC4681591B</idno><idno type="DOI">10.1029/2009JD013665</idno><idno type="ArticleID">2009JD013665</idno></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0148-0227</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract">Although it has recently been established that iodine plays an important role in the atmospheric chemistry of coastal Antarctica, where it occurs at levels which cause significant ozone (O3) depletion and changes in the atmospheric oxidising capacity, iodine oxides have not previously been observed conclusively in the Arctic boundary layer (BL). This paper describes differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) observations of iodine monoxide (IO), along with gas chromatographic measurements of iodocarbons, in the sub‐Arctic environment at Kuujjuarapik, Hudson Bay, Canada. Episodes of elevated levels of IO (up to 3.4 ± 1.2 ppt) accompanied by a variety of iodocarbons were observed. Air mass back trajectories show that the observed iodine compounds originate from open water polynyas that form in the sea ice on Hudson Bay. A combination of long‐path DOAS and multiaxis DOAS observations suggested that the IO is limited to about 100 m in height. The observations are interpreted using a one‐dimensional model, which indicates that the iodocarbon sources from these exposed waters can account for the observed concentrations of IO. These levels of IO deplete O3 at rates comparable to bromine oxide (BrO) and, more importantly, strongly enhance the effect of bromine‐catalyzed O3 depletion in the Arctic BL, an effect which has not been quantitatively considered hitherto. However, the measurements and modeling results indicate that the effects of iodine chemistry are on a much more localized scale than bromine chemistry in the Arctic environment.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Yorkshire-et-Humber</li></region><settlement><li>Leeds</li></settlement><orgName><li>Université de Leeds</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="Royaume-Uni"><region name="Angleterre"><name sortKey="Mahajan, Anoop S" sort="Mahajan, Anoop S" uniqKey="Mahajan A" first="Anoop S." last="Mahajan">Anoop S. Mahajan</name></region><name sortKey="Carpenter, Lucy J" sort="Carpenter, Lucy J" uniqKey="Carpenter L" first="Lucy J." last="Carpenter">Lucy J. Carpenter</name><name sortKey="Commane, Roisin" sort="Commane, Roisin" uniqKey="Commane R" first="Roisin" last="Commane">Roisin Commane</name><name sortKey="Edwards, Peter" sort="Edwards, Peter" uniqKey="Edwards P" first="Peter" last="Edwards">Peter Edwards</name><name sortKey="Heard, Dwayne E" sort="Heard, Dwayne E" uniqKey="Heard D" first="Dwayne E." last="Heard">Dwayne E. Heard</name><name sortKey="Heard, Dwayne E" sort="Heard, Dwayne E" uniqKey="Heard D" first="Dwayne E." last="Heard">Dwayne E. Heard</name><name sortKey="Hornsby, Karen E" sort="Hornsby, Karen E" uniqKey="Hornsby K" first="Karen E." last="Hornsby">Karen E. Hornsby</name><name sortKey="Hornsby, Karen E" sort="Hornsby, Karen E" uniqKey="Hornsby K" first="Karen E." last="Hornsby">Karen E. Hornsby</name><name sortKey="Ingham, Trevor" sort="Ingham, Trevor" uniqKey="Ingham T" first="Trevor" last="Ingham">Trevor Ingham</name><name sortKey="Ingham, Trevor" sort="Ingham, Trevor" uniqKey="Ingham T" first="Trevor" last="Ingham">Trevor Ingham</name><name sortKey="Lee, James D" sort="Lee, James D" uniqKey="Lee J" first="James D." last="Lee">James D. Lee</name><name sortKey="Moller, Sarah J" sort="Moller, Sarah J" uniqKey="Moller S" first="Sarah J." last="Moller">Sarah J. Moller</name><name sortKey="Oetjen, Hilke" sort="Oetjen, Hilke" uniqKey="Oetjen H" first="Hilke" last="Oetjen">Hilke Oetjen</name><name sortKey="Plane, John M C" sort="Plane, John M C" uniqKey="Plane J" first="John M. C." last="Plane">John M. C. Plane</name><name sortKey="Plane, John M C" sort="Plane, John M C" uniqKey="Plane J" first="John M. C." last="Plane">John M. C. Plane</name><name sortKey="Shaw, Marvin" sort="Shaw, Marvin" uniqKey="Shaw M" first="Marvin" last="Shaw">Marvin Shaw</name></country><country name="Allemagne"><noRegion><name sortKey="Kaleschke, Lars" sort="Kaleschke, Lars" uniqKey="Kaleschke L" first="Lars" last="Kaleschke">Lars Kaleschke</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Tian Unze, Xiangshan" sort="Tian Unze, Xiangshan" uniqKey="Tian Unze X" first="Xiangshan" last="Tian-Kunze">Xiangshan Tian-Kunze</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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